Saturday, June 11, 2016

Magical Mostar

DFP_20160603_058

The country of Bosnia-Herzegovia is stunningly beautiful.  DFP_20160603_035The deep river valleys, tall Dinaric Alps, and high meadows with wandering cattle reminded us of Switzerland.  Unfortunately, politically, the country is probably about as far from the Swiss neutrality as one can get.   Before the 90’s war, Bosnia was the former Yugoslavia’s most diverse state with an approximately equal balance of Croats (Catholics), Serbs (Orthodox), and Bosniaks (Muslims).

Considered a traditional point where East meets West, the Old Town of Mostar is very evocative with tons of minarets and the world famous Old Bridge spanning the Neretva River. The Ottoman era Coppersmith Street with its cobbled stones probably hasn’t changed much in centuries, except for the addition of electricity and a change in what gets hawked from the shops. Although many places still sell traditional crafts such as metalwork, and you can often see workmen clinking away making their goods.DFP_20160603_041The bridge and its surroundings are exceptionally beautiful and we ended up dining at sunset in a restaurant with a terrace overlooking it.  Commissioned in 1557 by Sultan Suleyman himself, the bridge was completed 9 years later – and then destroyed by Croat forces in November 1993 from the location where a huge cross now sits high on the hill. 

DFP_20160603_060The bridge was rebuilt under UNESCO oversight at a cost of US$13,000,000 using traditional materials and methods and again offers a stunning vista of the surrounding valley and a photogenic icon for visitors to photograph.DFP_20160603_048DFP_20160603_049

Mostar is perhaps as good as any example of why the war seemed so confusing to those living elsewhere.  Initially the Croats and Bosniaks together defended the city, repulsing the Serbs, but then later the Croats turned on the Bosniaks and are responsible for most of the destruction we see today.  Overall, this was a war with no clear “good side” and “bad side”. And although there were plenty of bad people, some of whom were prosecuted in the Hague, others have avoided being brought to justice. 

DFP_20160603_045Since the war, two major tall symbols have been added to the town skyline, the aforementioned giant white cross on the hillside, which seems out of place, and an enormous (100 ft tall) Venetian style bell tower at the Franciscan church, which at least seems somewhat less incongruous.

It is not very hard to see evidence of the conflict.  Bombed out buildings are all over the place and from what I understand, the main bank in the town went out of business, making the ownership rights of DFP_20160604_062many of these properties unclear, hindering further rebuilding.  Walking down a street the next day we came across a graveyard where just about all of the tombstones had the same year of death – 1993.  Very poignant.

There are a few other minor sights in town.  A new Hammam (Turkish Baths) museum was recently opened so we went to visit that and saw what such DFP_20160604_066a place might have looked like in its heyday. There were displays of the various artifacts used and an explanation of the role of the Hammam, not just in hygiene, but also in social culture.  There was a professionally made video showing very beautiful models (male and female) in the separate areas of the bath and what their activities might be like.  Kelly and I thought that it looked like the introduction to a soft porno video!

DFP_20160604_072DFP_20160604_074

Heading out of town, we made a stop at the nearby village of Blagaj, which is at the source of a spring at the base of a cliff and has a Dervish (a Muslim spiritual sect) house right alongside it. Kelly was helped to put on traditional dress that ended up making her look like she might have in a shtetl 150 years ago.  Still, it was a pretty locale and the water was teaming with fish.

DFP_20160604_078

Time to say goodbye to Bosnia and return to Croatia.

Thursday, June 9, 2016

Sarajevo-Part 2. A walking tour with Amir.

DFP_20160602_010We’ve been traveling with some guidebooks, including Rick Steves’.  One thing he highly recommended for Sarajevo is to hire a local guide and he lists Amir Telibechirowich as a key resource.  We contacted Amir and were lucky that he was available as he had just returned from leading a Rick Steves’ tour throughout the Balkans.  Amir is actually a journalist rather than a guide, and he brought a journalist’s depth of detail to our experience, but even more so, his personal experience living through the nightmare of the siege of Sarajevo, including the death of several close family members.

We started at a pair of graveyards right across from our hotel.  One was an old Ottoman era graveyard, with many tombstones topped with turban shaped decorations.  The graveyard is located in an inhabited area, not because the housing expanded to this neighborhood, but rather because the local tradition has been to bury the dead in open spaces in amongst houses.  This was done to avoid thinking of the dead as spooks, zombies, or any of the other scary things western culture often associates with the dead.

DFP_20160602_027DFP_20160602_028

Across the road is a much larger, newer graveyard.  Although to a cursory look, the tombstones seem almost identical, in fact there are people of different faiths buried here.  Once the dust cleared from the early 90s conflict, some 10,000 Sarajevans were dead (including 1,600 children) and 50,000-70,000 were wounded.  The currently population of approx. 310,000 remains about 200,000 below the prewar peak.  This graveyard is just one of many from this period when even burying people during the war was dangerous – people were shot by snipers while conducting funerals.

DFP_20160602_024We also learned about the mysterious Bogomils, who were a mystic Christian sect living in the area that associated with neither Orthodox or Catholic churches and ultimately became Muslims under the Ottomans, whose philosophy was closer to that of the Bogomils rather than the more traditional Christian denominations. 

From there we climbed to a lookout with a great view of valley.  Sarajevo has to have one of the most impressive locations of any European DFP_20160602_009capital nestled in the heart of a deep valley that would seem to be a great defensive position if you controlled the nearby peaks.  However, sometime well before the conflict, citizens saw construction equipment building fortifications around the peaks.  When they asked questions they were told that these were for the protection of the population, but in reality the guns placed there were not pointed away from the city, but towards it, making the city indefensible once the shooting began.  Nearby we could see an old prison station.  This was where Princip got taken after assassinating the ArchDuke (and getting beat up by the crowd).

DFP_20160602_014Walking back into down we saw the Moorish style, Austro-Hungarian built City Hall.  Due to a building mix up (or a deliberate act on the part of the slighted architect), the balcony, from which the Mayor would make his proclamations was not placed on the side facing an open space as would make sense, but instead toward the narrow quay with a river in front, with very little space for any crowds and the sound of water to compete with.

DFP_20160602_018In the Ottoman core of the city we visited the exterior of one of the main Mosques, then headed across the street to the old Madrassa (school) which is now a museum as the Madrasssa is in newer quarters next door.  The old town town includes many Mosques, and bazaars selling food, jewelry and all sorts of knick knacks.

We then walked through the Austro-Hungarian middle part of the city, passing the Jewish Museum, Catholic Cathedral, Serbian Orthodox Cathedral, plazas and so forth.  In a number of places DFP_20160603_031throughout the city serious damage from the war can still be seen and Amir took us into several alleys to see this.  Much of the damage was done by mortars that could lob a shell over the buildings and into the spaces in between where the shrapnel would wreak havoc.  As we walked along the streets in a number of places small pock marked areas on the street  could be seen, many of them filled with red paint.  DFP_20160603_032These are so called “Sarajevo Roses” and denote the site of a massacre, defined as the death of 3 or more people from a single mortar bursts.  The non painted ones mean that either no one was killed or “only” one or two people.

As we passed into one of the newer areas of Sarajevo, we were now in the heart of “Snipers Alley” where people had to dart between buildings in order to avoid the Serbian snipers who seemed to shoot anything that was moving in their sights.  Amir related how the streets were empty and one day someone offered him a lift back to his home, near the airport.  He drove at around 200 KM/Hr (about 125 MPH) through the streets, in part to avoid the snipers, but also because he wanted to and he could.  Amir wasn’t sure which he was more frightened off – the snipers or the driver!

DFP_20160602_023We had come here at my request to visit the National Museum in order to see the Sarajevo Haggadah.  Unfortunately the room is currently kept locked so we could only glimpse the book through a glass door and under a glass case.  This was very DFP_20160602_022disappointing, but we got to see other parts of the museum including Roman and other artifacts, an Ethnographic wing with dioramas of Ottoman life, a Natural History wing, and Bogomil tombstones outside.

Amir took us to a fun Cafe called Tito that is decorated with lots of memorabilia of the former head of state.  Outside are some military vehicles including one of the 5 tanks that the locals used to defend the city.  Imagine – going to a museum to get a world war II era tank to try to protect your home.  DFP_20160602_026

Amir and I drank Cockta, a drink I’ve seen on every menu in the former Yugoslav states.  He explained to me that Tito did not ban foreign products, so for instance, Coca Cola was available, but he also encouraged the creation of local equivalent products, and so this is the Yugoslav version of Coke - somewhat different in taste, but not bad.

We delayed our departure from Sarajevo the next morning in order to visit the Memorial Gallery 11/7/95 which is a gallery that includes photos of the aftermath of the Srebrenica Massacre as well as various films and presentations attempting to explain what happened there DFP_20160603_033and how it affected the families of the dead,  It also includes an exhibition of graphic protest posters from the time.  The Srebrenica Massacre took place in the northeast of the country in a Muslim town close to the Serbian border.  It was officially a safe area protected by the UN, but unfortunately they ended up being woefully unable to do their job and 8,000 men and boys were deliberately exterminated in a horrific coordinated act of ethnic cleansing.  Somewhat telling is that the Court in the Hague ultimately found that the Dutch UN peacekeepers were directly liable for the death of 300 of these people.

A sobering end to our visit to such a beautiful town.  No one who lived through the conflict will forget this episode of madness, but from the friendliness and positivity of the all the people we met, it seems they are doing their best to write the next chapter in this city’s long and illustrious history.

Tuesday, June 7, 2016

Sarajevo–Part 1

When you hear the name “Sarajevo”, what comes to mind?  My guess is for most people, it is often something negative, such as the assassination of ArchDuke Ferdinand at the hand of the Bosnian Serb Gavrilo Princip that started World War I, or the siege of Sarajevo in the early 1990s.  On a more positive note, some of you may recall the 1984 winter Olympics.

What is generally less well known is that Sarajevo was for centuries a model of tolerance and inter-cultural living.  Jews, Muslims, and Christians of eastern and western churches all lived side by side. Unlike most cities that allowed Jews in the late medieval and renaissance period, the Jews of Sarajevo did not live in ghettos, but amongst their neighbors.  Today the old Sephardic synagogue (from the majority of the Jewish population who came here from Spain after 1492) is now a Jewish museum, but the Ashkenazi synagogue (founded by the Austo-Hungarian Jews who came here in the 19th Century) is still in operation.  Of special Jewish interest is the Sarajevo Haggadah, one of the oldest surviving illuminated Jewish manuscripts, most likely made in Spain around the 13th Century and carried to Sarajevo sometime after the expulsion in 1492.  Apart from the magnificence of the manuscript itself, its history is fascinating – including numerous brushes with destruction at the hands of the inquisitors, the fascist Ustaše in WWII and the siege in the early 90s.  In the latter two instances it was due to the heroic actions of muslim curators that we still have this priceless treasure.

If you have about 7 minutes, the following video is well worth watching.  I am pleased to report the National Museum re-opened in late 2015.  However, whether due to low levels of staffing or security concerns, the Haggadah can only be seen from afar and it was quite a disappointment not to be able to view it close up.

We got in to Sarajevo early enough to visit the Franz Ferdinand Assassination Site & Museum at the corner where Gavrilo Princip, a 19 year old Bosnian serb shot and killed both the heir to the Austo-Hungarian Empire, Franz Ferdinand and his pregnant wife, Sophie.  I learned a number of things of which I was not aware.  First, this was part of a wider conspiracy to kill first the governor of Bosnia, but instead the target changed to the Archduke.  Serbian conspirators in Belgrade supplied and trained a gang of young men, most of whom were members of a secret society called the Black Hand.  On the day of the assassination, one of them threw a bomb at the open topped car, but it bounced off and blew up under the following vehicle.  The Archduke and his wife sped on to their destination, too fast for Princip to shoot at,  but remarkably, after making a presentation, continued with their visit.  Just imagine what would happen if there was a modern attempt on a head of state or senior diplomat’s life – they would rush them out of the city as fast as possible.  The governor, who was travelling with the Archduke didn’t want to deploy a large contingent of troops in the city to further protect the royal party as they were just back from maneuvers and not kitted in the appropriate dress uniforms. 

A decision had been made for the royals to visit the injured from the earlier explosion and therefore the return route was altered, but somehow the instructions did not get passed on to the driver of Ferdinand and Sophie’s car, and so he continued straight along the quays rather than taking the needed right turn.  The governor stopped the driver and told him to back up – exactly where Princip was standing, so the car was essentially stopped and he was able to fire from a very close distance at stationery targets, first hitting the Archduke and then his wife.  Princip later claimed that he was aiming for the governor and not Sophie and whether his hands were shaking or he missed because he was grabbed, or he was indeed aiming for Sophie will never be known for sure.  Sophie was from a Czech noble family and almost persona non grata with the Austo-Hungarian Archduke’s family, and so there are all sorts of conspiracy theories, including that the Archduke’s own family might have been behind the killing.

Princip was only 19 and so too young to be executed, so he received a 20 year jail sentence instead.  However some of the Serbian officers who planned and equipped the attacks were executed.

Monday, May 30, 2016

Belgrade, The White City

20160530_134146

We left Zagreb and took the highway over the border to Belgrade, a journey of about 4 hours and $21 in tolls ($17.50 on the Croatian side and $3.50 on the Serbian side).  Crossing the border was an almost trivial formality – we didn’t even need to get out of the car.

While the roads are in excellent shape on the Croatian side – comparable to Germany or the UK, on the Serbian side highways are less well maintained.  However, as we DFP_20160531_021were about to discover, most things are also much less expensive here.  It’s also easy to tell that we are in Serbia rather than Croatia as the signs in Serbia are in Cyrillic (although sometimes with Romanized signs alongside).  The language is essentially the same, so it was a good way to practice my Cyrillic reading as I could just compare my decoding to the adjacent latin letters.

For those of you not up on your Balkan geography, the former Yugoslavia consisted of six states: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzeogovina, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia, which contained the national capital Belgrade.  While we’re at it, some linguistic decoding might also help.  “Yugo” means south, so Yugoslavia was the country of southern Slavic states, as opposed to Eastern Slavic states like Ukraine and Russia or Northern Slavic states such as Poland and Czechoslovakia.

Grad is the slavic word for city (think Stalingrad, Leningrad, etc.), so Belgrade means “white city” although what is “white” about it, I am not sure.

Arriving in Belgrade we discovered that the local drivers are extremely aggressive.  As soon as traffic slowed a bit on the highway, I was overtaken on the inside by people driving on the hard shoulder. Twice.  Only to be followed by two police cars speeding up behind me in traffic with flashing lights but no siren and overtaking me on both sides at the same time!  As we exited the  highway near our apartment people started making 2 lanes out of only one marked lane on the curved exit ramp.

Google took us to a location that did not match the address on our reservation, but it turned out to only be about a block or two down the same street.  But when we pulled in to the correct address, we couldn’t see any signage for our apartment.  After calling the contact number we were told to wait 20 minutes at they were on their way.  In the end it was 45 minutes before they got there and could let us in to the apartment.

Unfortunately this apartment turned out to be a mixed bag,  While it was spacious and nicely decorated, it immediately smelled of smoke, although in theory it was listed as non-smoking.  In reality, I don’t think anything in this country is non-smoking.  Later evidence of cigarette burns on the couch and butts on the balcony confirmed as much.  Since a pack of cigarettes costs the equivalent of US$1.50, smoking is something else that is much cheaper here.

There was what looked to be a decent kitchen until you opened the cabinets and the only cooking vessel was one frying pan.  No mixing bowls or the like, so basically fine for breakfast and microwaving things, not so good if you wanted to actually cook anything.  The other odd thing was that although the apartment was spacious, the bedroom was tiny.  Like I mean it could barely hold the bed tiny.  Also unfortunate was the fact that the a/c unit was in the lounge and did nothing to cool down the bedroom, but thankfully it naturally cooled down a bit at night while we were there.

The location isn’t bad.  On the ground floor is a restaurant, which we ate at on our last night, and there were nearby bakeries and other facilities.  The city center was about a 50 minute walk so we took a bus in, but later walked back to the apartment.

DFP_20160530_007We headed for Kalemegdan - Belgrade Fortress which has a good view of the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers. The fortress is today a park and includes several rings of battlements. What’s kind of interesting is that the old moats have been repurposed for use as tennis courts, basketball courts, etc.

The park contains a zoo, gallery, a number of museums and restaurants. But with the exception of the latter, most of these were closed by the time we got there. However, the Military museum has a number of pieces that are kept on open display in one of the former moats. This included a number of WWII tanks DFP_20160530_003from Allied and Axis forces, as well as other bits of military hardware of various vintage. The thing that most caught my attention was a 300 mm mortar that is huge. One can only imagine the sort of damage a shell from this might inflict.

DFP_20160530_006Belgrade seems to be a much bigger and less pretty city than, say, Zagreb, but has a number of nice pedestrian thoroughfares such as  Knez Mihailova Street, the main drag.

It was about dinner time, so we went on the hunt for someplace to eat. We had read about a restaurant that sounded interesting, but were completely unable to find it. Using Google Maps to pinpoint its location, no one seemed to know about it, even though there were recent reviews. We are figuring out that Google Maps is less useful here than in Western Europe. While it’s accurate much of the time, there seems to be a number of addresses and driving directions that are incorrect. In the end, we found an outdoor café on a busy street that had a live singer and guitar player. Kelly ordered vegan Mexican fajitas and I ordered a tuna pizza. Mine turned out to be pretty much what I expected. Kelly’s turned out to be kind of a burrito made from pizza dough casing, filled with corn, mushrooms, and fake cheese. Note to self, remember the #1 culinary rule of travel, don’t order the Tex-Mex outside of the SW US or Central America. On the plus side, they had a lemon-mint cider which was something new for me and very tasty.

We stopped at the market on our way back to the apartment and since it had a washing machine, we decided to make use of that, necessitating the purchase of washing powder. The prices in Serbia seemed significantly less expensive than Croatia and way less than Western Europe or the USA (unless we are talking about imported goods). For instance, a box of washing  powder, maybe half the size of a small box in the US cost the equivalent of 0.60 cents.

DFP_20160531_009The dominant religion in Serbia is Eastern Orthodox. The largest Orthodox church in Serbia, which is also one of the largest in the world is being built 10 minutes from our apartment. It is called St. Sava Temple and it’s being built by donation,  sort of like an Orthodox Sagrada Familia. The church is huge and the quality of materials, from what we could see, were very fine. The location of this church is where in 1594 the Turks burned down relics of St. Sava (founder of the Serbian Orthodox church in the late 12th/early 13th Century).

DFP_20160531_010DFP_20160531_014

It struck me that when we travel and see classic churches, synagogues, and mosques, it seems like they’ve been around for a very long time and so it’s unusual to be able to see a religious building of this magnitude in the process of being built.

The other thing we wanted to see in Belgrade was the Tesla Museum. Nikolai Tesla is one of the DFP_20160531_019few figures revered by both Croatians and Serbians. He was a Serb, born in what is today Croatia, who later moved to the US and became a naturalized US citizen. He is famous for his work in electricity and advocacy of a/c as the primary means of electrical distribution (rather than the d/c system proposed by Edison). He was also a futurist. At the museum an engineering student demonstrated a number of Tesla’s experiments, including using a Tesla coil to wirelessly light a bunch of unconnected fluorescent tubes held by various members of the crowd. We also saw a system that was used to remotely control a ship via wireless power signals, which Tesla pioneered. In Tesla’s time, many who witnessed this demonstration DFP_20160531_020thought he was a magician or that there was a trained monkey inside the ship that responded to his commands. Also on display were some of his personal effects. In fact, this museum is the repository of his papers and is a serious research institution. Tesla never married and died with no children, but he had wanted his effects to be donated to Serbia when he died, and the government dedicated this building to that purpose.

Before setting out this morning, we had stopped in the restaurant on the ground floor of our apartment to see if they had anything we could eat. A nice waiter by the name of Sasha told us of a number of options that sounded good. He told me however that he would not be working later, but to ask for his colleague “Troll” who would be on duty tonight and who spoke English. They called him “Troll” because he is so large. When we arrived in the evening we had no doubt as to who Troll was, but he was surprised to hear us use his nickname and instead preferred that we call him Igor. Igor had worked on cruise ships and apart from speaking English, he was exceptionally friendly and helpful in arranging a meal that we could safely enjoy. Kelly and I started with some fresh tomato soup, after which Kelly had seared salmon and vegetables while I had a fresh forest mushroom risotto. I had a pear cider with dinner that was served over ice with chunks of fresh pear. It was really very nice, as was all the food. We finished up by sharing a slice of chocolate mousse cake. All-in-all the meal probably cost about half to two-thirds of what it might in Dublin and was a nice cap to our time in Belgrade.

20160601_042926

On our way out of Belgrade we needed to gas us and there was a roadside filling station close to our apartment.  However, they do things in a manner I’ve never seen before.  They charge your credit card before they fill up – not put a hold on it, but actually charge it, so you have to decide how much fuel you want beforehand.  The idea of “fill it up” didn’t seem to exist at this station and if I were to charge say US$40 worth, but only have room for US$30, well hard luck me.  Luckily I was able to make a pretty accurate guess and ended up filling the car in one shot.

Sunday, May 29, 2016

Z is for Zagreb

Good trivia question – what is alphabetically the last national capital?  Congratulations – you guessed it, Zagreb, capital of Croatia. 

DFP_20160528_026

We drove from Rovinj to Zagreb, 251 Km, or about 160 miles which only takes about 3 hours by highway.  The landscape changed from arid vineyards and olive plantations to huge swathes of deciduous forest.  The roads are good, but the tolls pretty expensive – it cost us about US15 equivalent for this 3 hours of driving.

The old part of modern Zagreb was actually two distinct towns – Gradec and Kaptol which were separately by a river and often at war with each other.  The river has long since been drained, but a vestige of the old animosity remains with a street whose name means Blood Bridge that links the two areas. 

DFP_20160529_063

There is also a Stone Gate that once protected Gradec and is now a significant pedestrian pathway between the two areas, but is also a shrine, so as people pass through, they stop for a few moments to offer prayers.  The walls are crammed with small tablets offering thanks for answered prayers.

DFP_20160528_030

We are staying within walking distance of the city center. Since we were in early enough, once we got settled, we walked to the old town and headed to The Museum of Broken Relationships which was open late.  On the way, we passed the Church of St. Marks and as this is Saturday and the church is located very close to the registry office, the square was filled with wedding couples having their pictures taken.  I’ve honestly not seen so many wedding couples or photographers in one place before!

DFP_20160528_028

This is one of the most unusual museums we’ve come across in all our travels and is certainly unique.  The rooms are filled with objects and notes or short presentations about how these items relate to the owner’s broken relationship.  Not all of these are romantic, some have to do with parental or filial relationships, but most of them are stories about how a love relationship ended.  This is not at all depressing – in fact it seems pretty cathartic for the people involved.  Some of the stories are lurid, some angry, some sweet, some full of disappointment. 

 DFP_20160528_027

One story accompanying some stiletto heels from a Dutch woman stuck in my mine.  She had started a romantic relationship with a boy when they were both young, but they separated after a short while.  I think his family may have moved away.  She fast forwarded to 30 years later when she was quitting her job as a prostitute and decided to write a book about S&M.  In order to do some research, she got herself a job at an appropriate (!) club.  As she was disciplining one of the customers, they each realized that they were the same people who had loved each other so long ago.  Apparently the boy had grown up with an overbearing father and that led him to feeling like he needed to be disciplined.

We tried to avail of the opportunity for some ethnic food here in the capital and ate dinner at a Sri Lankan curry spot.  It was something different, but only so so. 

DFP_20160529_053

Zagreb is really quite a lovely town.  Our restaurant turned out to be on one of the key pedestrian streets and an ideal spot to sit outside and watch people go by.  Eating outside is a treat and the weather has been pretty lovely. The downside is that lots of people smoke, so you’re pretty much guaranteed to get a whiff after only a short while.

DFP_20160529_039

After breakfast the next morning we walked back to the old city center of Gradec, first stopping at the extensive market near the main square.  There were two main outdoor areas, one mostly fruits and vegetables, and the other flowers. 

DFP_20160529_040

Adjacent were indoor markets for fish and, separately, meats, cheeses, and other delicatessen type goods.  At the market we picked up strawberries and apricots, which were both very tasty.  The strawberries were less than $1 for a pound!

DFP_20160529_041

We were on our way to a museum next to the Museum of Broken Relationships, The Museum of Naïve Art, which is dedicated to a school of artists who were not formally trained, but nonetheless very creative and expressive.  The movement was lead by a man by the name of Generalić and you can see his self portrait here.

DFP_20160529_048DFP_20160529_052

The early naïve artist’s medium of choice was oil on glass, as this was a less expensive and easier medium to work with and the images have an almost poster like quality with their vivid colors.  The method they used was to sketch a scene, then place the glass over it and paint on the reverse of the pane.  Thus all of the images when displayed are actually mirror images of the original sketches.   By the way, this is still a popular art form here in Croatia.

DFP_20160529_051DFP_20160529_047

Leaving the  museum we headed back to St. Marks in order to hear a concert in the church, performed after mass had ended.  Coincidentally we arrived just as a military unit marched up and did a changing of the guard ceremony right in front of the church. There are several government buildings lining the square, but the guards stand on the portico of the church itself.  Given how hot it was and how heavily dressed they were, one could only imagine that their guard post was an endurance test.

DFP_20160529_055

The concert featured the church’s organ and included pieces by Bruxtehude and Bach, some of which sounded very esoteric.  The organ was very powerful and as the church is not huge, the lower tones resonated in a most impressive manner.

We had taken our dirty clothes with us in order to use a nearby laundry.  While waiting for things to finish washing and drying, I brought back some lunch and we finished listening to one of the David Sedaris audio books we had brought.

Once all the laundry was fluffed and folded, it was time to explore another part of the city, so we headed south and walked to the Botanical Gardens, which are lovely.  Sort of like islands of specimen samples, each area of the garden seemed different.  Following a well deserved rest, we walked back to town and up to the Cathedral, which dominates the skyline of the city.  Apart from having a chance to view the interior, we were also there for another concert, which was also of organ music.

DFP_20160529_065DFP_20160529_067DFP_20160529_072

As we headed back to the hotel it started to rain – the first precipitation we have experienced in the Balkans, so we had dinner at a close by restaurant that turned out to be very good.  Kelly ordered tomato soup and I ordered nettle soup.  For main course Kelly had fresh tuna and I had the branzin (sea bass), both of which served with vegetables.  All washed down with the local beer and very reasonably priced.